ARV โ After Repair Value
The appraised value of the property after rehab is complete. Your refi loan is based on this number โ so conservative ARV estimates are critical.
LTV โ Loan to Value
The percentage of the property's value that a lender will loan you. At 75% LTV on a $300K ARV, you get a $225K loan. The lower the LTV, the more cash stays in the deal.
Cash Left In Deal
All-in cost minus the refi loan amount. The goal of BRRRR is to get this number as close to zero โ or negative โ as possible, meaning you pulled all your capital back out.
DSCR โ Debt Service Coverage Ratio
NOI divided by annual debt service. A DSCR of 1.25 means the property generates 25% more income than needed to cover the mortgage. Lenders typically require 1.20 minimum.
NOI โ Net Operating Income
Effective gross income minus all operating expenses, before debt service. This is the core profitability number lenders use to evaluate rental properties.
Cash-on-Cash Return
Annual cash flow divided by cash left in the deal. If you pulled all your cash out via the refi, your CoC is technically infinite โ which is the BRRRR goal.
Monthly P&I
Principal and Interest โ your monthly mortgage payment on the refi loan. Does not include taxes and insurance (those are separate operating expenses).
Cash-Out Refi
When the refi loan amount exceeds your all-in cost โ meaning you get cash back at closing. This is the ideal BRRRR outcome: you recover your capital plus extra.
Holding Costs
Monthly costs during the rehab and lease-up period before the refi closes โ hard money interest, taxes, insurance, utilities. Every extra month reduces your return.